Lexicographic modeling of neosemantisms in Ukrainian language dictionaries of the first quarter of the 21st century
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17721/um/55(2025).153-177Keywords:
neosemantism, lexicographic modeling, lexicographic description, macrostructure, microstructure, dictionary entry, dictionary, lexicographyAbstract
Background. Contemporary Ukrainian language demonstrates the active functioning of neosemantisms – words with familiar forms but new meanings. The relevance of the study stems from the need for comprehensive lexicographic treatment of such units. The purpose of the research is to outline the principles and methodology of modeling neosemantisms in dictionaries of the first quarter of the 21st century and to present the electronic Dictionary of Neosemantisms.
Methods. To achieve this objective, general scientific methods of induction, deduction, analysis, and synthesis were applied, alongside linguistic methods such as descriptive, comparative, selective approaches, and the method of lexicographic modeling of lexico-semantic phenomena.
Results. The study reviews techniques and methods of lexicographic processing of neosemantisms in different types of contemporary Ukrainian dictionaries: dictionaries of neologisms, general explanatory dictionaries, individual-author dictionaries, and dictionaries of creative personalities' language, illustrating the most significant examples. It describes the electronic Dictionary of Neosemantisms, developed on the Lexonomy platform because of synthesizing theoretical frameworks and practical achievements of Ukrainian lexicographers. The article characterizes the dictionary's register (730 entries) and macrostructure, which includes the description of its conceptual basis, principles of compilation, list of illustrative sources, and an inventory of grammatical, stylistic, domain-specific, and stylistic remarks. Special attention is given to the microstructure, which models the functional potential of neosemantisms – covering the zones of headword, grammatical information, labels, definitions, illustrations with sources, collocations, derivational units, paradigmatic relations, and references to previous dictionary records. Sample dictionary entries for neosemantisms of different parts of speech are presented.
Conclusions. Lexicographic modeling of neosemantisms remains a vital and engaging field of linguistic research, as language practice outpaced codification. The created electronic resource facilitates the documentation of neosemantisms, enables compact and informative representation of the functioning of lexemes with new meanings, and serves as a valuable tool for analyzing the dynamics of language development.
Information about the author:
Yuliia Tsyhvintseva – Doctor of Philosophy, Junior Research Fellow at the Department of Lexicology, Lexicography, and Structural-Mathematical Linguistics, Institute of Ukrainian Language, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
E-mail: tsyhvintseva@nas.gov.ua
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